INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE COMPONENTS AND PHYSICAL FITNESS OF CHILDREN AGED 4–6 YEARS.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31891/pcs.2026.1.42Keywords:
physical state, physical activity, somatic health, correlation analysis, preschool childrenAbstract
In the context of martial law in Ukraine, a steady decline in the physical state and psychomotor development of preschool children has been observed. Restrictions on physical activity and chronic stress negatively affect morphofunctional status and children’s readiness for systematic learning. These conditions necessitate the search for innovative pedagogical technologies based on modern types of motor activity, including Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. The aim of the study was to determine the presence, strength, and informative significance of correlations between morphofunctional indicators and physical fitness in children aged 4–6 years. The study involved 80 preschool children (40 boys and 40 girls) from educational institutions in Kyiv and the Kyiv region. The methodology combined anthropometric measurements, physiological testing (heart rate and vital lung capacity), and physical fitness assessments (10-m sprint, standing long jump, Bondarevsky balance test, flexibility, and static endurance). Statistical processing was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The results indicate increasing integration of physiological systems with age. In children aged 4–5 years, integration is mainly associated with morphological parameters in girls and functional-coordination mechanisms in boys, while many motor qualities develop relatively autonomously. In the older group (5–6 years), a transition to a functional-dynamic organization of the motor system was observed. Strong correlations were found between vital lung capacity and explosive leg power (r = 0.74), as well as running speed (r = –0.67) (р< 0,05). Gender differences were also identified: coordination abilities formed the key integration cluster in boys, whereas morphofunctional determinants predominated in girls. Conclusions. The findings indicate that body size and absolute strength are significant predictors of speed and explosive power in preschool children.
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